The application was unable to load a required virtual machine component. Please contact the publisher of this application for more information.
I already made a video why this happens to portable conversions of software and how to fix that, however, a viewer pointed out that there is a Microsoft Windows KB3045999 update which breaks virtual machines. Even a ticket was open on Virtualbox specifying this error. So to fix this, just uninstall this particular update through Windows Control panel, or if you are too lazy like myself, through elevated command prompt.
wusa.exe /uninstall /kb:3045999
Restart the system, and try to launch the app again. Now it should work.